| >>> Useful functions for interacting with the file system >>> >>> # copying a file >>> import shutil >>> shutil.copy('output.txt', 'output2.txt') >>> >>> # renaming a file >>> import os >>> os.rename('output2.txt', 'output3.txt') >>> >>> # getting a list of files in the current directory >>> files = os.listdir('.') >>> print "Files in the current directory: " + str(files) >>> >>> # file paths on Windows: >>> ### absolute path >>> filepath = "C:\\Python25\\blah\\file.txt" >>> print "absolute path (Windows): " + filepath >>> ### relative path >>> filepath = "directory\\subdirectory\\file.txt" >>> print "relative path (Windows): " + filepath >>> >>> # file paths on Unix/Linux/OS X >>> ### absolute path >>> filepath = "/home/john/blah/file.txt" >>> print "absolute path (Linux/OS X): " + filepath >>> >>> ### relative path >>> filepath = "directory/subdirectory/file.txt" >>> print "relative path (Linux/OS X): " + filepath >>> >>> # creating a file path in a platform-independent way >>> ### relative path >>> filepath = "directory" + os.sep + "subdirectory" + os.sep + "file.txt" >>> print "relative path(platform-independent) #1: " + filepath >>> >>> # is equivalent to >>> directoryPath = ["directory", "subdirectory", "file.txt"] >>> filepath = os.sep.join(directoryPath) >>> print "relative path (platform-independent) #2: " + filepath >>> >>> # getting the absolute path of the current directory >>> currentDirectory = os.path.abspath(".") >>> print "currentDirectory #1: " + currentDirectory >>> >>> # is equivalent to >>> currentDirectory = os.path.abspath(os.path.curdir) >>> print "currentDirectory #2: " + currentDirectory >>> # is equivalent to >>> currentDirectory = os.getcwd() >>> print "currentDirectory #3: " + currentDirectory >>> >>> # determine if a file/directory exists >>> if os.path.exists('output.txt'): ... print "output.txt exists!" ... else: ... print "output.txt doesn't exist" ... >>> # create a directory if it doesn't already exist >>> newDirectory = 'temp' >>> if not os.path.exists(newDirectory): ... print "Making a new directory called: " + newDirectory ... os.mkdir(newDirectory) ... >>> # see the following links for lots of other useful file system related functions: >>> http://docs.python.org/library/os.html >>> http://docs.python.org/library/os.path.html >>> http://docs.python.org/library/shutil.html >>> |